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H. o. PQDENPHANT common REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. '7,1945 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 w w 9%, QI m A W Feb. 2.4, 1948.

SA g III HOLCaER ORLA P0ENPHANT a I a NVE NTO R BL ATTORNEY T N A H P NE D P O H Feb. 24, 1948.

CONTROL REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. 7, 1945 3Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR HOLGERDRLAFMENPHANT (51f ATTORNEY Feb. 24, fi948.

H. O. PDENFHANT CONTROL REGISTER FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed Aug. 7,1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR HOLGER ORLA PE ENP ANT ATTORNEY ing infast connection with the digit-wheel l1 and which cooperates with apossibly springloaded holding ratchet 22 which can turn round pivot 23.When pressing a push-button 25 attached to a plate-spring 24 thedigit-wheel is set free in such a manner that, influenced by the spring|9|, it will revert to position, i. e., show digit 0 through window 20.

Underneath ratchet wheel 2| is placed a slide 2? movable in itslongitudinal direction, guided by pins 28 and 29 which engage in slits2B| and 29| on the slide. By means of a spring 30| this slide is movedin the direction of arrow 30. A pawl 3| vertically movable is placed ina guide in the slide and at right angles to the longitudinal directionof same. Through moving this pawl 3| upwards from the position shown inthe drawing its teeth can mesh with the teeth of ratchet wheel 2|. Thelower edge of pawl 3| has an inclined part 34 and an almost horizontalpart 35. The inclined part braces against pin 32 on an oifset part 33 ofbar I2. When this bar is led to the right it will therefore first liftpawl 3| to mesh with ratchet wheel 2| whereafter the face 36 on bar |2butts against slide 21 and leads this so much to the right that ratchetwheel 2| is led exactly one tooth forward and digit-wheel I1 is thusalso led one digit forward. Pawl 3| can be held downwards in awell-known manner by means of a soft spring.

Some examples of the importance and mode of action of the controlregister are given in the following:

As part of a calculation may occur the calculation 247 5. With threefingers on keys 2, 4 and l in three rows of keys'next to each otherthese keys are depressed simultaneously, all together five times. Inorder that the counting mechanism shows the correct result it isnecessary to make sure that all three keys have been fully depressed andthat the group of keys is depressed five times. Both can be controlledby looking at the control register, the corresponding three digit-wheelsof which must show 1 after the first depression, 2 after the seconddepression, etc.

If, when the multiplication is done, all three digit-wheels show 5 themultiplication has been carried out without making faults and arecalculation will therefore be unnecessary. If all digit-wheels show 4the keys have not been depressed one time and if one digit-wheel shows 4while the others show 5 this means that one of the keys has not beenfully depressed during the manipulation. If 247 is to be multiplied by534 the fingers are placedas previously explainedon keys 2, 4 and andthey are depressed five times. Control register now shows 555 but bymeans of two of push-buttons 25 the two figures five to the right aretaken out. The three fingers touching keys 2, 4 and 'l are now removedone key-row to the right so that they still touch keys 2, 4 and I. Thesekeys are now depressed three times in succession and control registernow shows 5333. By means of push buttons 25 the two threes to the rightare taken out whereafter the three fingers are again moved a key-row tothe right to new keys 2, 4 and 1 which in their turn are depressed fourtimes in succession. The counting mechanism of the calculating machinenow directly shows the product of the calculation in the ordinarymanner, i. e., 131898, while control register shows figure 53444. Asdescribed faults have been made while multiplying with this figure andthat the keys have been fully depressed at each manipulation. There canthus be no fault in the product shown in the counting mechanism. It iseasy to understand from the foregoing that every time figures are takenout of the control register-the figures furthest to the right-a numberis taken out which is one less than the number of digits in themultiplicator.

A simple division may be made on a calculating machine of this kind bydepressing the keys indicating divisor so many times that the counter ofthe machine shows the dividend or the lower figure which by addition todivisor would make a higher figure than the dividend. The product isthus obtained as the number of times the keys in question have beendepressed while a remainder, if any, is seen as the difference betweenthe dividend and the result shown in the counter.

The following example of a calculation is given in elucidation of theuse and importance of the control register when dividing: 80370 is to bedivided by 235.

Three fingers are placed on keys 2, 3 and 5 in three rows next to eachother furthest to the left-2 the furthest to the left. The keys aredepressed simultaneously while at the same time an eye is kept on thecounting mechanism. After three depressions the counting mechanism shows705 (3x235) and control register shows 333. By means of two ofpush-buttons the two last threes are taken out and the three fingerstouching keys 2, 3 and 5 are removed one keyrow to the right so thatthey again touch keys 2,

3 and 5. These keys are now depressed four times and counting mechanismnow shows 7990 (799) and the movement is stopped as it is evident thatanother depression would make the counting mechanism show a figurehigher than the four first digits in the dividend. The control registernow shows 3444. By means of pushbuttons 25 the two fours to the rightare now taken out whereafter control register shows 34. The threefingers touching keys 2, 3 and 5 are again removed one key-row to theright and the new keys are depressed twice when it is seen that counternow shows dividend 80370. This shows that the division leaves no balanceand the control register now shows 34222. The last twos are taken out aspreviously explained whereafter the control register shows the result ofthe calculation: 342. In this calculation the control register hascontrolled first the number of depressions of the keys for each part ofthe calculation, next that all the keys have been fully depressed as,after each part of the calculation, it shows three identical digits andfinally the control register indicates the direct result of thecalculation while, as a further control, the counting mechanism showsthe dividend.

In machines of the said kind previously known but without a controlregister divisions can also be made but the calculation is then muchmore difficult to undertake.

The control register is generally of no real importance for additionsand subtractions wherefore it is expediently adapted in such a mannerthat it may be disengaged when such calculations are to be made. Thedisengagement of the control register may, as indicated in the drawing,be done by means of arm 39 which can turn round pivot 31. If this arm isturned to the right it will butt against a nose 38 on slide 21 and takethis slide so far to the right that it is out of contact with bar l2 andthus cannot be moved by same. The movement forth and back of arm 39 maybe carried out by means of a suitable handle, which might be fittedoutside the row of push-buttons 25. There must of course be an arm 39for each digit-wheel and all the arms are moved simultaneously by meansof a common handle.

It is not necessary that according to the invention the countingmechanism and control register are placed on a calculating machine inrela-- tion to the rows of keys as shown and described. They may befitted in each others places or they can both be fitted at the same endof the row of keys and the design shall still be deemed to fall withinthe present invention.

I claim:

1. In calculating machines of the kind having a. plurality of computingwheels, a row of nine keys for each computing wheel the combination witheach row of keys of a digit wheel and means operative upon depressing anumber of keys in different rows turning all the digit wheelsappertaining to the selected rows one step upon every full depression ofthe respective keys.

2. In calculating machines of the kind having a plurality of computingwheels a row of nine keys for each computing wheel, the combination witheach row of keys of a bar placed alongside the row of keys and havingpins projecting in the path of levers rotatably mounted in the casing ofthe computing machine and engaging said keys, each of said bars beingconnected with means operative upon depressing a number of keys indifierent rows turning all the digit wheels appertaining to the selectedrows one step upon every full depression of the respective keys.

3. In calculating machines as claimed in claim 2, the provision of pinsupon said bars placed at such distances from the said levers, that uponactuating an optional key in the row, the corresponding computing wheelis turned before the bar is moved for turning the digit wheel one step.

4. In calculating machines as claimed in claim 1, the provision ofmanually operated means for individually resetting each of said digitwheels to zero at will.

HOLGER ORLA PQJDENPHAN'I.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 628,273 Mallmann July 4, 18991,309,536 Mays July 8, 1919 1,415,174 Horton May 9, 1922

